Maps

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Maps 2

Five maps are provided here to serve as an initial aid in locating some of the main centers, cities, towns, and monasteries in the lands of Syriac Christianity in the Middle East, both in the historical and in the contemporary periods. These maps should not be seen as an attempt to fully document the historical geography of Syriac Christianity. As a matter of fact, the geography of Syriac Christianity is a much underdeveloped field, and the creation of a set of historical maps remains an urgent desideratum.

All five maps were specifically designed and drawn by the Ancient World Mapping Center of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, based on the data provided by the GEDSH editors. For all of the maps the terrain depiction was calculated from Environmental Systems Research Institute. SRTM Shaded Relief, on ESRI Data & Maps 2006 [DVD-ROM]. Redlands, CA. While Maps I and II have a primarily historical approach, Maps III to V were created from a contemporary perspective, reflecting the sites of Syriac Christianity in the present-day Middle East. As a rule we have followed the terminology most current among Syriac Christians, without attempting to match the Syriac (or Arabic) names with existing non-Syriac nomenclature.

While preparing the maps, we have relied on a great number of existing maps as well as on other relevant publications. The main sources are listed below and users of GEDSH are encouraged to turn to them as a first step in their more advanced study of any aspect of the historical geography of Syriac Christianity.

I. Syriac Christianity in the Roman and Sasanian periods

Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman world, ed. R. J. A. Talbert et al. (2000).
Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients (TAVO). Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft erarbeitet vom Sonderforschungsbereich 19 der Universität Tübingen (1977–1994).
E. Honigmann, Évêques et evêchés monophysites d’Asie antérieure au VIe siècle (CSCO 127; 1951).

II. Syriac Christianity in the Islamic period

An historical atlas of Islam. Atlas historique de l’Islam, ed. H. Kennedy (2002).
Tübinger Atlas (see under I).

III. Syriac-Orthodox Christianity centered around Ṭur ʿAbdin

H. Aydin, Das Mönchtum im Tur-Abdin. Das Leben der Mönche im Tur-Abdin in der Gegenwart (1988). (two maps)
H. Hollerweger, A. Palmer, and S. P. Brock, Turabdin: Lebendiges Kulturerbe. Wo die Sprache Jesu gesprochen wird (1999).
A. Palmer, Monk and mason on the Tigris frontier. The early history of Ṭur ʿAbdin (University of Cambridge Oriental Publications 39; 1990).

IV. The heartland of East-Syriac Christianity in the modern period

J. F. Coakley, The Church of the East and the Church of England. A history of the Archbishop of Canterbury’s Assyrian Mission (1992), esp. 8–9.
J. M. Fiey, Assyrie chrétienne. Contribution à l’étude de l’histoire et de la géographie ecclésiastiques du nord de l’Iraq, vol. 1–3 (Recherches publiées sous la direction de l’Institut de lettres orientales de Beyrouth 22, 23, and 42; 1965–1968). (covers all traditions)
A. Harrak, Syriac and Garshuni Inscriptions of Iraq (Recueil des inscriptions syriaques 2; 2010). (several maps)
H. L. Murre-van den Berg, ‘The Patriarchs of the Church of the East from the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries’, Hugoye 2.2 (1999).
J. C. J. Sanders, Assyro-Chaldese christenen in Oost-Turkije en Iran. Hun laatste vaderland opnieuw in kaart gebracht (1997; ET as Assyrian Chaldean Christians in Eastern Turkey and Iran. Their last homeland re-charted [1997])
D. Wilmshurst, The ecclesiastical organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913 (CSCO 582; 2000).

V. Main sites of Syriac Christian wall paintings in Lebanon and Syria

M. Immerzeel, Identity puzzles. Medieval Christian art in Syria and Lebanon (OLA 84; 2009), esp. 41 and 83.
A. Schmidt and S. Westphalen, Christliche Wandmalereien in Syrien. Qara und das Kloster Mar Yakub (Sprachen und Kulturen des Christlichen Orients 14; 2005), 12.

Map I. Syriac Christianity in the Roman and Sasanian periods.

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/map/i 3

Map II. Syriac Christianity in the Islamic period.

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/map/ii 4

Map III. Syriac-Orthodox Christianity centered around Ṭur ʿAbdin.

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/map/iii 5

Map IV. The heartland of East-Syriac Christianity in the modern period.

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/map/iv 6

Map V. Main sites of Syriac Christian wall paintings in Lebanon and Syria.

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/map/v 7

List of Patriarchs of the Main Syriac Churches in the Middle East

Samuel Burleson & Lucas Van Rompay

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/List-of-Patriarchs-Churches-Middle-East 8

The following lists provide overviews of the church leaders in the different Syriac traditions of the Middle East. They are not based on a fresh reading of the primary sources, but have been compiled from existing lists in secondary sources. The discrepancies that frequently exist in the primary sources, in particular with regard to the exact commencement or conclusion of a patriarch’s tenure, have led to different interpretations in the secondary sources. No attempt has been made here to reconcile the conflicting data. Alternative years have occasionally been added in parentheses or, when the divergences were small, the abbreviation ‘ca.’ (i.e., around) has been used. For less well-known figures, differences of one or two years are common and have been ignored in the present lists. All dates have been converted to the Christian era. The conversion from the Seleucid to the Christian era has sometimes led to a double year (as the first year according to the Seleucid era fell in BC 312/11), but no conclusions should be drawn from the use of either a double or a single year, as this merely may reflect the practice adopted in the secondary sources.

Within some traditions (esp. the Church of the East and the Syriac Orthodox Church) the patriarchal lineage is commonly traced back to the apostolic age. This practice, however, has not been followed here. Not only is the information for the early period very scanty, but also our focus has been on the time when a clearly distinct Syriac Christian hierarchy existed, even if — as in the case of the Syriac Orthodox — this hierarchy merely continued an earlier, reputedly ‘orthodox’, tradition.

The numbering (with Roman numbers) of patriarchs having a common name is largely a modern scholarly practice. In several cases discrepancies among the various existing lists will be found or names unaccompanied by Roman numbers are found more frequently than those with numbers. When they occur, alternative numberings have often been added in parentheses.

Names in bold are used for patriarchs/catholicoi to whom a full entry is dedicated. Three dots ( … ) are used either for a vacancy or for uncertainty in the chronology. Square brackets ([ … ]) are occasionally used for counter-patriarchs.

I. The Church of the East and its Uniate continuations

II. The Syriac Orthodox Church and its Uniate continuations

III. The Maronite Church

List of Patriarchs: I. The Church of the East and its Uniate continuations

Samuel Burleson & Lucas Van Rompay

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Church-East-Uniate-Continuation 9

Main secondary sources:

D. D. Benjamin, The patriarchs of the Church of the East (Translated from Assyrian into English by Y. A. Baaba) (2008). (includes a comparison of different existing lists)
J. F. Coakley, ‘The patriarchal list of the Church of the East’, in After Bardaisan. Studies on continuity and change in Syriac Christianity in honour of Professor Han J. W. Drijvers, ed. G. J. Reinink and A. C. Klugkist (OLA 89; 1999), 65–83. (includes comparative discussion of two lists, by Yawsep d-Beth Qelayta [1924, reprint 1955] and by Iskhaq Rehana d-Beth Gadda [1965, reprint 1988])
J. M. Fiey, Pour un Oriens christianus novus (Beiruter Texte und Studien 49; 1993), 20–41.
H. L. Murre-van den Berg, ‘The patriarchs of the Church of the East from the fifteenth to eighteenth centuries’, Hugoye 2.2 (1999).
B. Spuler, ‘Die morgenländischen Kirchen’, in Handbuch der Orientalistik I.VIII.2 (1964), 209–11.
H. Teule, Les Assyro-Chaldéens. Chrétiens d’Irak, d’Iran et de Turquie (Fils d’Abraham, 2008), 211–14.
E. Tisserant, ‘L’Église nestorienne’, in Dictionnaire de théologie catholique XI.1 (1931), col. 260–63.

...
Aḥadabu(h)y	c. 204 (?)
Shaḥlupa	220 – 240
...
Papa bar ʿAggai	d. between 327 and 335
Shemʿon bar Ṣabbaʿe	d. 341 or 344
Shahdost
Barbaʿshmin
Tomarsa/Tamuza
Qayyoma
Isḥaq	ca. 399/400 – 410/11
Aḥai	410 – 415
Yahbalaha I	415 – 420
Maʿna	420
Farabokht	421
Dadishoʿ I	ca. 421 – 456
Babowai	457 – 484
Aqaq	484 – 495/6
Babai	497 – 502/3
Shila	503 – 523
Narsai and Elishaʿ	524 – 537
Pawlos	537 – 538/9
Aba I	540 – 552
Yawsep I	552 – 567
Ḥazqiel I	567 (or 570) – 581
Ishoʿyahb I	ca. 581/2 – 595
Sabrishoʿ I	596 – 604
Grigor I	605 – ca. 610
... (enforced vacancy)
Ishoʿyahb II of Gdala	628 – 645
Maremeh	646 – 649
Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene	649 – 659
Gewargis I	ca. 659 – 680/1
Yoḥannan I	680/1 – 683
...
Ḥenanishoʿ I	685/6 – 699/700
[Yoḥannan II	ca. 692 (?)]
...
Ṣlibhazkha	713/4 – 727/8
...
Petyon	731 – 741
Aba II of Kashkar	741 – 751
...
Surin	ca. 754
Yaʿqob II	754 – 773
Ḥenanishoʿ II	773 – 779/80
Timotheos I	779/80 – 823
Ishoʿ bar Nun	823 – 828
Gewargis II	828 – 829/30
Sabrishoʿ II	831 – 835
Abraham II	837 – 850
...
Theodosios	853 – 858
Sargis I	860 – 872
(Israel of Kashkar)	d. 877
Anosh/Enosh	877 – 884
Yoḥannan II bar Narsai	884 – 891/2
Yoḥannan III	893 – 899
Yoḥannan IV bar Abgare	900 – 905
Abraham III Abraza	905 – 936/7
Emmanuel I	937 – 960
Israel I	961
...
ʿAbdishoʿ I	963 – 986
Mari bar Ṭobi	987 – 999
Yoḥannan V	1000 – 1011
Yoḥannan VI Nasuk (bar Nazuk)	1012 – 1020
Ishoʿyahb IV bar Ḥazqiel	1020 – 1025
Eliya I of Ṭirhan	1028 – 1049
Yoḥannan VII bar Ṭargal (b. Ṭargala)	1050 – 1057
...
Sabrishoʿ III Zanbur	1064 – 1072
...
ʿAbdishoʿ b. al-ʿĀrid	1074 – 1090
...
Makkika I	1092 – 1109/10
Eliya II bar Molki (bar Maqli)	1111 – 1132
Barṣawma I	1134 – 1136
...
ʿAbdishoʿ III bar Molki (b. Maqli)	1139 – 1148
Ishoʿyahb V Baladi	1149 – 1175
Eliya III Abū Ḥalīm	1176 – 1190
Yahbalaha II	1190 – 1222
Sabrishoʿ IV bar Qayyoma	1222 – 1225
Sabhrishoʿ V b. al-Masīḥī	1226 – 1256
Makkika II	1257 – 1265
Denḥa I	1265 – 1281
Yahbalaha III	1281 – 1317
Timotheos II	1318 – 1332 (?)
Denḥa II	1336/7 – 1381/2 [For these dates, see S. P. Brock, ‘A Syriac list of Mongol rulers’, in Der Christliche Orient und seine Umwelt. Gesammelte Studien zu Ehren Jürgen Tubachs anläßlich seines 60. Geburtstags, ed. S. G. Vashalomidze and L. Greisiger (2007), 331 and 335, with notes 23 and 24.]
Shemʿon II
Shemʿon III
Eliya IV	ca. 1437
Shemʿon IV Basidi	1437 – 1497
Shemʿon V	1497 – 1502
Eliya V	1502 – 1504
Shemʿon VI	1504 – 1538
Shemʿon VII bar Mama	1538/9 – 1558

The Patriarchate of Rabban Hormizd (successors of Bar Mama, 1551–1804) [For a recent discussion of the patriarchs/catholicoi during the five centuries of division within the Church of the East, see Murre-van den Berg, ‘The patriarchs of the Church of the East’. For the confusion that has existed in scholarship concerning the dates and numbering of Eliya VI and VII, see S. P. Brock, ‘East Syriac pilgrims to Jerusalem in the early Ottoman period’, ARAM 18–19 (2006–2007), Appendix (198–201). For the period between the mid-16th and the early 19th cent., see also A. Lampart, Ein Märtyrer der Union mit Rom. Joseph I. 1681–1696. Patriarch der Chaldäer (1966), esp. 365–66.]

Eliya VI bar Gewargis	1558/9 – 1591
Eliya VII	1591 – 1617
Eliya VIII Shemʿon	1617 – 1660
Eliya IX Yoḥannan Marawgin	1660 – 1700
Eliya X Marawgin	1700 – 1722
Eliya XI Denḥa	1722 – 1778
Eliya XII Ishoʿyahb	1778 – 1804

First Attempt at Union with Rome (1551-1692) [See also Teule, Les Assyro-Chaldéens, 213. Relations between this line of catholicoi and the Church of Rome became attenuated and were all but nonexistent after 1600.]

Yoḥannan Sullaqa (Shemʿon VIII)	1553 – 1555
ʿAbdishoʿ IV of Gazarta	1555 – 1567 (1570)
…
Shemʿon (Yahbalaha)	1572 – 1576 (?)
Yahbalaha Shemʿon	1577 – 1579/80
Shemʿon IX Denḥa	1580 – 1600
Shemʿon X	1600 – 1638 (1625?)
Shemʿon XI	1638 – 1656
Shemʿon XII Yoḥannan	1656 – 1662
Shemʿon XIII Denḥa	1662 – 1700

Second Attempt at Union with Rome: The Patriarchate of Amid/Diyarbakir (1681 – 1828)

Yawsep I	1681 – 1696
Yawsep II (Ṣliba d-Beth Maʿruf)	1696 – 1713
Yawsep III Timotheos Marawgin	1714 – 1757
Yawsep IV Lazaros Hindi	1759 – 1781 (1796)
Yawsep V Augustin Hindi	1781 (1802) – 1828

The Uniate Chaldean Patriarchate of Babylon (Mosul, Baghdad, 1830 to date)

Yoḥannan VIII (Eliya) Hormizd	1830 – 1838
Nicholas Eshaʿya (Zayʿa)	1838 – 1847
Yawsep VI Audo	1848 – 1878
Eliya XIV (XII, XIII) Abū al-Yūnan	1879 – 1894
ʿAbdishoʿ V Khayyāṭ	1895 – 1898
Yawsep VI Emmanuel Toma	1900 – 1947
Yawsep VII Ghanīma	1947 – 1958
Pawlos II Cheikho	1958 – 1989
Raphael I Bidawid	1989 – 2003
Emmanuel III Delly	2003 to date

The Assyrian Church of the East (line of Qudshanis and its continuation, 1700 to date)

Shemʿon XIV Shlemon	1700 – 1740
Shemʿon XV Michael Mukhtas	1740 – 1780
Shemʿon XVI Yoḥannan	1780 – 1820
Shemʿon XVII Abraham	1820 – 1860
Shemʿon XVIII Rubel	1860 – 1903
Shemʿon XIX Benyamin	1903 – 1918
Shemʿon XX Pawlos (Polos Shemʿon)	1918 – 1920
Shemʿon XXI Eshai ( Eshai Shemʿon )	1920 – 1975 [In 1940 Mar Eshai Shemʿon moved to the United States and began to adopt the style ‘Mar Shemʿon XXIII’. See Coakley, ‘The patriarchal list of the Church of the East’, 66–67.]
Denḥa IV	1976 to date

The Ancient Church of the East ( 1968 to date )

Toma Darmo	1968
Addai II	1972 to date

List of Patriarchs: II. The Syriac Orthodox Church and its Uniate continuations

Samuel Burleson & Lucas Van Rompay

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Syriac-Orthodox-Uniate-Continuations 10

The present list starts with the patriarchate of Severus of Antioch (512–538). Earlier incumbents of the see of Antioch are known through the historical writings of the Imperial Church. While the Syriac Orthodox patriarchs obviously continued this earlier line of patriarchs, it is only with Severus that a distinct Syriac Orthodox hierarchy emerged.

Main secondary sources:

Y. Dolabani ܡܟܬܒܢܘܬܐ ܕܦܛܪܝܪ̈ܟܐ ܕܐܢܛܝܘܟ ܕܣܘܪ̈ܝܝܐ ܬܪ̈ܝܨܝ ܫܘܒܚܐ – Die Patriarchen der syrisch-orthodoxen Kirche von Antiochen (1990).
J. M. Fiey, Pour un Oriens christianus novus (Beiruter Texte und Studien 49; 1993), 20–41.
C. Sélis, Les Syriens orthodoxes et catholiques (Fils d’Abraham, 1988), 212–15.
B. Spuler, ‘Die morgenländischen Kirchen’, in Handbuch der Orientalistik I.VIII.2 (1964), 211–15.

Severus of Antioch	512 – 538
Sergius of Tella	ca. 557 – 560
Pawlos of Beth Ukome	564 – 578 (d. 581)
Peter of Kallinikos	ca. 578 – 591
Yulyanos I	591 – 594
Athanasios I Gamolo	594/5 – 631
Yuḥanon of the Sedre	630/31 – 648
Theodoros	649 – 666/7
Severus bar Mashqo	667/8 – 684
Athanasios II of Balad	683/4 – 687
Yulyanos II Rumoyo	687 – 707/8
Eliya I	709 – 724 (d. 729)
Athanasios III	724 – 739
Iwannis (Yuḥanon III)	739 – 755
Isḥoq	755 – 756 (?)
Athanasios Sandloyo	756 (?) – 758 [Isḥoq and Athanasios Sandloyo are regarded as illegitimate (see Dolabani, 67–68). They are not included in the list of ms. Dayr al-Suryān 31.]
Giwargis of Bʿeltan	758 – 789/90 [Around 760 there were two counter-patriarchs: Yuḥanon of Kallinikos and Dawid of Dara.]
Yawsep	790 – 792
Quryaqos	793 – 817
[Abraham]
Dionysios of Tel Maḥre	818 – 845
Yuḥanon III (IV)	847 – 874
Ignaṭius II (I)	878 – 883
Theodosios (Romanos the physician)	887 – 896
Dionysios II	896 – 909
Yuḥanon IV (V)	910 – 922
Basilios	923 – 935
Yuḥanon V (VI)	936 – 953
Iwannis (Yuḥanon VI [VII])	954 – 957
Dionysios III	958 – 961
Abrohom	962 – 963
Yuḥanon VI (VII) da-Srigteh	965 – 986
Athanasios (V) Loʿozar Ṣalḥoyo	987 – 1002/3
Yuḥanon (VII) bar ʿAbdun	1004 – 1030
Dionysios (IV) Ḥeḥe (Yaḥyo, Ḥoye)	1031 – 1042
Yuḥanon VIII (IX) bar ʿAbdun	1042 (1048?) – 1057
Athanasios (VI) Yaḥyo (Ḥoye)	1057 – 1062
Yuḥanon IX (X), Ishoʿ bar Shushan	1063 – 1072 (1073)
Basilios II (III)	1074 – 1075
Yuḥanon X (XI)	1075 – 1076
Dionysios (V) Loʿozar	1077 – 1079
…
Iwannis (Yuḥanon)	1086 – 1087
Dionysios (VI) Marqos	1088 – 1090
Athanasios (VII) Abulfaraj bar Kamoro	1090 – 1129
Yuḥanon XI (X, XII, or XIII) Mawdyono	1129 – 1137
Athanasios VII (VI) Yeshuʿ bar Qeṭreh	1138/9 – 1166
Michael I Rabo	1166 – 1199
[Theodoros bar Wahbun]
Athanasios VIII (VII, IX) bar Ṣalibi Qroḥo	1199 – 1207 [For this period, in which there were two competing patriarchs, see H. Kaufhold, ‘Zur syrischen Kirchengeschichte des 12. Jahrhunderts. Neue Quellen über Theodoros bar Wahbūn,’ OC 74 (1990), 115–51.]
Michael II (Yeshuʿ Sephtono)	1199 – 1215
Yuḥanon XII (XI, XIII, or XIV) Yeshuʿ Kotubo	1207/8 – 1219/20
Ignatius III Dawid	1222 – 1252
Dionysios Ahrun ʿAngur	1252 – 1261
Yuḥanon bar Maʿdani	1252 – 1263
Ignatius IV Yeshuʿ	1264 – 1283
Philoxenos Nemrud	1283 – 1292

The Patriarchate of Mardin

Ignatius V bar Wahib	1293 – 1333
Ishmaʿil (Ignatius VI)	1333 – 1365/6
Shihāb (Ignatius VII)	1366 – 1381
Abrohom II Gharīb (Ignatius VIII)	1382 – 1412
Behnam Ḥadloyo (al-Ḥadlī) (Ignatius IX)	1412 – 1454
Khalaf Maʿdnoyo (Ignatius X)	1456 – 1484
Yuḥanon bar Shayullāh (Ignatius X)	1484 – 1493

The Patriarchate of Cilicia (1292 – 1444/5) [See E. Honigmann, Le couvent de Barṣauma et le patriarcat jacobite d’Antioche et de Syrie (CSCO 146; 1967), esp. 174–76, as well as Fiey, Pour un Oriens christianus novus, 269.]

Michael I (III)	1292 – 1312
Yeshuʿ bar Shushan (Michael II [IV])	1313 – 1349
Basilios III Gabriel	1349 – 1387
Philoxenos the scribe	1387 – 1421
Basilios (Shemʿun of Beth Manʿem)	1421 – 1444/5

The Patriarchate of Ṭur ʿAbdin (1364 – 1816) [See Fiey, Pour un Oriens christianus novus, 275–77.]

Ignatius Sobo Ṣalḥoyo	1364 – 1389
Ignatius Yeshuʿ of Midyat	1389 – 1418
Ignatius Masʿud Ṣalḥoyo	1418 – 1420
Ignatius Ḥnukh (Enoch) ʿEnwardoyo	1421 – 1444
Ignatius Qumo of Beth Sbirina	1444 – 1454
Ignatius Yeshuʿ Ṣalḥoyo (or ʿEnwardoyo?)	1455 – 1460
Ignatius ʿAziz bar Sobto	1460 – 1482
Ignatius Sobo of Arbo	1482 – 1488
Ignatius Yuḥanon Quphar ʿEnwardoyo	1489 – 1492
Ignatius Masʿūd (of Ṭur ʿAbdin) Zazoyo	1492 – 1512 (1509)
Ignatius Yeshuʿ Zazoyo	1515 – 1524
Ignatius Shemʿun of Hattakh	1524 – 1551
Ignatius Yaʿqub of Ḥisn	1551 – 1571
…
Ignatius Sohdo of Midyat	1584 – 1621
Ignatius ʿAbdallah of Midyat	1628 – ?
Ignatius Ḥabib of Midyat	1674 – 1707
Ignatius Denḥo of ʿArnas	1707 – 1725
Ignatius Barṣawmo of Midyat	1740 – 1791
Ignatius Aḥo and Ignatius Ishaʿya of Arbo	1791 – 1816 [There are seven more patriarchs of Ṭur ʿAbdin between 1804 and ca. 1840, whose authority, however, was limited and contested. Their names are: Severus Isḥoq (1804–1816), Yawsep of ʿArnas (1805–1834), Barṣawmo of Ḥbob (1816–1839), Mirza of Beth Sbirina (1816–1842), Barṣawmo of Beth Sbirina (1821–1842), Grigorios Zaytun Ghalma of Midyat (1821–1844), and Severus ʿAbd al-Nūr of Arbo (1834–1839). See Fiey, Pour un Oriens christianus novus, 277.]

The Continuation of the Patriarchate of Mardin, leading to the re-united Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate

Ignatius Nuḥ the Lebanese	1493 – 1509
Ignatius Yeshuʿ I (III)	1509 – 1510
Ignatius Yaʿqub I	1510 – 1519
Ignatius Dawid I (II)	1519 – 1521
Ignatius ʿAbdullāh I bar Sṭephanos	1521 – 1557
Ignatius Niʿmatullāh	1557 – 1576
Ignatius Dawid Shah	1576 – 1591
Ignatius Pilatus	1591 – 1597
Ignatius Ḥidayatallāh	1597 – 1640
Ignatius Shemʿun	1640 – 1653
[Ignatius Shukrallāh	1640 – 1670 ?]
Ignatius Yeshuʿ II (IV) bar Qamsho	1653 (1655) – 1661
Ignatius ʿAbdulmasīḥ	1661 – 1686
Ignatius Giwargis II	1687 – 1708
Ignatius Isḥoq ʿAzar	1709 (1700) – 1723
Ignatius Shukrallāh	1723 – 1745
Ignatius Giwargis III	1746 – 1768
Ignatius Giwargis IV	1768 – 1781
Ignatius Matay	1782 – 1817
[Behnam and Yawnon?]
Ignatius Giwargis V	1819 – 1839 (1836)
Ignatius Eliya (II)	1839 (1836) – 1847
Ignatius Yaʿqub II	1847 – 1871
Ignatius Peṭros IV (III)	1872 – 1894
Ignatius ʿAbdulmasīḥ II	1895 – 1903 (1905)
Ignatius ʿAbdullāh Saṭṭūf (II)	1906 – 1915
Ignatius Eliya III Shakir	1917 – 1932
Ignatius Afram Barsoum	1933 – 1957
Ignatius Yaʿqub III	1957 – 1980
Ignatius Zakka I ʿIwas	1980 to date

The Syriac Catholic Patriarchate

Ignatius Andraos Akhījān	1662 – 1677
Ignatius Peṭros Shahbadin	1678 – 1702
…
Ignatius Michael Jarweh	1782 – 1800
Ignatius Michael Dāher	1802 – 1810
Ignatius Shemʿun Hindi (Zora)	1814 – 1818
Ignatius Peṭros Jarweh	1820 – 1851
Ignatius Anṭun Samheri	1852 – 1864
Ignatius Philippos ʿArkus	1866 – 1874
Ignatius Giwargis Shalḥat	1874 – 1891
Ignatius Behnam Benni	1893 – 1897
Ignatius Ephrem II Raḥmani	1898 – 1929
Ignatius Gabriel Tappuni	1929 – 1968
Ignatius Anṭun Hayyek	1968 – 1998
Ignatius Mūsā Dāʾūd	1998 – 2001
Ignatius Peṭros ʿAbdulaḥad	2001 – 2008
Ignatius Yawseph Younan	2009 to date

[The traditional approach, which considers Peter to be the first of the Orthodox bishops (later patriarchs) of Antioch, is found in most existing lists. A list of ‘Patriarchs who sat on the apostolic throne of Peter, the head of the apostles, in Antioch’, however, which is preserved in ms. Dayr al-Suryān 31, f. 81r–v, counts Severus as the first patriarch (and runs until Patriarch Dionysios II, d. 909).]

List of Patriarchs: III. The Maronite Church

Samuel Burleson & Lucas Van Rompay

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Maronite-Church-Patriarchs 11

Continuing the Chalcedonian tradition of the Patriarchate of Antioch, it is only with Yuḥanon Maron that a specific Maronite hierarchy emerged. While the Christological controversies formed the background against which, in the early Islamic period, a separate Maronite Church was created, the Maronites remained closer to the Syriac Christian tradition of the Patriarchate of Antioch, in contrast to the Melkites who, even though in the earlier period they represented this same tradition, in the following centuries increasingly moved into the orbit of Byzantine Orthodox Christianity. It should be noted that prior to the Crusader period only very few names are known.

Main secondary sources:

J.-B. Chabot, Les listes patriarcales de l’Église maronite (Mémoires de l’Institut National de France 44; 1951).
P. Dib, ‘Maronite (Église), Patriarches’, in DTC, vol. 10 (1927), 70–72.
R. J. Mouawad, Les Maronites. Chrétiens du Liban (Fils d’Abraham, 2009), 231–46. [The present list is largely based on Mouawad’s work, which incorporates Maronite scholarship from the time of al-Duwayhī to the present day (see the bibliography on p. 224). For most patriarchs the name is followed by the place of origin.]
B. Spuler, ‘Die morgenländischen Kirchen’, in Handbuch der Orientalistik I.VIII.2 (1964), 217–18.

Yuḥanon Maron	ca. 685 – ca. 707
…
Yūsuf of Jirjis	ca. 1100
Buṭrus	ca. 1121
Grigorios of Ḥālāt	ca. 1130
Yaʿqub of Rāmāt	ca. 1141 and 1154
Yūḥannā of Leḥfed	after 1155
Jeremiah of ʿAmshīt [For the chronological problems related to this patriarch (who in fact may belong to the late 13th cent.), see P. G. Borbone, ‘Codicologia, paleografia, aspetti storici’, in Il Tetravangelo di Rabbula, ed. M. Bernabò (2008), 56–58.]	ca. 1199 – 1230
Daniel of Shāmāt	1230 – 1236
Yūḥannā of Jāj	ca. 1239
Shemʿun	ca. 1245 – 1258
Yūḥannā	1258 – ca. 1277
Daniel of Hadshīt	d. 1282
Luqa of Bnahrān	1282 – 1283
Jeremiah of Dmalsa	1282 – 1297 (?)
Shemʿun	ca. 1322 – 1339
Yūḥannā	ca. 1357
Gabriel of Hajjula	d. 1367
Dāʾūd Yūḥannā	d. 1404
Yūḥannā of Jāj	1404 – 1445
Yaʿqub of Ḥadath	1445 – 1468
Buṭrus b. Yūsuf b. Ḥassān of Ḥadath	1468 – 1492
Shemʿun of Ḥadath	1492 – 1524
Mūsā of ʿAkkār	1524 – 1567
Mikhail al-Rizzī of Kfar Ḥawra	1567 – 1581
Sarkīs al-Rizzī	1581 – 1596
Yūsuf al-Rizzī	1596 – 1608
Yūḥannā Makhlūf of Ehden	1609 – 1633
Jirjis ʿAmīra of Ehden	1634 – 1644
Yūsuf b. Halīb of ʿAqūra	1644 – 1648
Yūḥannā Ṣafrāwī	1647 – 1657
Jirjis of Bashʿal (or Bsibʿil?)	1657 – 1670
Isṭifān al-Duwayhī of Ehden	1670 – 1704
Gabriel of Blawza	1704 – 1705
Yaʿqub ʿAwad	1705 – 1733
Yūsuf Darghām al-Khāzin	1733 – 1742
Shemʿun ʿAwad of Hasrun	1743 – 1756
Tubia al-Khāzin	1756 – 1766
Yūsuf Isṭifān	1766 – 1793
[Mīkhāʾīl al-Khāzīn]
Mīkhāʾīl Fādil of Beirut	1793 – 1795
Philippos al-Jemāyel of Bikfayya	1795 – 1796
Yūsuf al-Tyān of Beirut	1796 – 1808
Yūḥannā Ḥulw	1809 – 1823
Yūsuf Ḥubaysh	1823 – 1845
Yūsuf al-Khāzin	1845 – 1854
Būlus Masʿad of ʿAshqūt	1854 – 1890
Yūḥannā al-Hāj	1890 – 1898
Eliyas al-Ḥuwayyik of Ḥelta	1899 – 1931
Anṭun ʿArīda of Bsharreh	1931 – 1955
Būlus Maʿūshī	1955 – 1975
Anṭun Khuraysh	1975 – 1986
Naṣrallāh Ṣfayr	1986 – 2011
Bishara Buṭrus al-Rai	2011 to date

Manuscript Index

https://gedsh.bethmardutho.org/Manuscript-Index 12

The present index includes references to manuscript collections as well as to individual manuscripts. Manuscripts are listed according to the place in which they are, or were, preserved. For most biblical manuscripts the sigla assigned by the Leiden Peshitta Institute (OT mss.) or the Münster Institut für Neutestamentliche Textforschung (NT mss.) have been added in parentheses. For a general overview of the major collections of Syriac manuscripts and for the whereabouts of collections and manuscripts, see J. F. Coakley's Manuscripts entry, and, in greater detail, A. Desreumaux, Répertoire des bibliothèques et des catalogues de manuscrits syriaques (1991). Not included in the present index are: inscriptions, Old Syriac documents, papyri, Sogdian manuscripts, Syriac texts from Turfan. For these, see the relevant entries. Unpublished manuscripts of works by modern and present-day authors are also not included.

Aleppo, Fondation Georges et Mathilde Salem

General: Aleppo

Aleppo, Maronite Archbishopric

General: Aleppo

Aleppo, Melkite Cath. Archbishopric

General: Aleppo

Aleppo, Syr. Cath. Archbishopric

General: Aleppo

Aleppo, Syr. Orth. Archbishopric and Church of Mar Jirjis

General: Aleppo

Alqosh, Monastery of Our Lady of the Seeds ( olim )

General: Baghdad

16 [= Baghdad, Chald. Mon. 25]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

45: Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir

65: Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir

139 (or 133): Yuḥanon of Litarba

169 [= Baghdad, Chald. Mon. 509]: Ḥenanishoʿ I | Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir | Shemʿon of Rev Ardashir | Synodicon Orientale

237: Robert Beulay | Shemʿon d-Ṭaybutheh

291: Shemʿon Shanqlawi

Amsterdam, Universiteitsbibliotheek

III H 25: Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature

Baghdad, Chaldean Monastery

General: Baghdad

25 [= Alqosh 16]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

509 [= Alqosh 169]: Synodicon Orientale

Baghdad, Chaldean Patriarchate

General: Baghdad

1113: Syriac Apocryphal Psalms

Baghdad, Ch. of E. Archbishopric

General: Baghdad

Berlin, Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz

Diez A. quart. 105 (138): New Testament Bible manuscripts

Or. oct. 1257: Abgar the Hagiographer

Or. fol. 3122: Syriac Apocryphal Psalms

Or. quart. 528 (8) [= 7x1]: Old Syriac documents

Petermann 9 (88): Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir

Phillipps 1388: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Old Syriac Version

Sachau 64: Gewargis Warda

Sachau 99 (Berlin 56): Ishoʿ bar Shushan Yuḥanon X

Sachau 108: Shemʿon Shanqlawi

Sachau 153: Proba

Sachau 215: Denḥa

Sachau 226: Proba

Sachau 321: Eliya (mid-6th cent.)

Birmingham, Selly Oak Colleges Library

Mingana Chr. Ar. 100: Daniel of Mardin

Mingana Syr. 29: Dawid bar Pawlos

Mingana Syr. 58: Aḥob Qaṭraya | Denḥa

Mingana Syr. 103 [= 9n1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Mingana Syr. 105: Ḥarqlean Version

Mingana Syr. 124: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Mingana Syr. 306: Daniel of Mardin

Mingana Syr. 480: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version | Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature

Mingana Syr. 566: Ishoʿyahb III of Adiabene

Mingana Syr. 599: Geoponika

Mingana Syr. 606: Proba

Mingana Syr. 631: Shubḥalmaran

Cambridge, MA, Harvard College Library

Syr. 16: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 176: Masora

Cambridge, UK, University Library

Add. 1700: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature | Ḥarqlean Version | Polykarpos

Add. 1980: Babai the Great

Add. 1981: Yoḥannan Azraq

Add. 1987: Ishaʿya of Beth Sbirina

Add. 2017: IIshoʿ bar Nun | Michael Badoqa

Add. 2812: Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir

Gg. 2.14: Aristotle | Dionysios bar Ṣalibi | Nicolaus of Damascus

Oo. I.1,2 [ = 12a1]: Art and architecture | Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Peshitta

Oo. 1.22: Barḥadbshabba ʿArbaya

Or. 227: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Or. 1318: Aḥob Qaṭraya | Denḥa

Chicago, Goodspeed Collection

716: Figure 30

Damascus, Syr. Orth. Patriarchate

6/17 (Arabic): Grigorios Bar ʿEbroyo

1/2: New Testament Bible manuscripts

7/16: Masora

8/11: Juridical literature | Testament of our Lord Jesus Christ

12/1: New Testament Bible manuscripts

12/4: Colophons

12/8: New Testament Bible manuscripts

12/9: New Testament Bible manuscripts

12/17: Shemʿun the Stylite

12/18: Eliya (mid-6th cent.) | Theodotos of Amid | Theodotus of Ancyra

12/19: Theodotus of Ancyra

12/22: Masora | Monastery of Qarqaphto

12/23: Loʿozar of Beth Qandasa

12/24: Athanasius of Alexandria

Dayr al-Suryān

General: Aba | Mushe of Nisibis | Dayr al-Suryān

Syr. 10: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 14: Masora

Syr. 15: Commentary of the monk Severos

Syr. 28: Syriac contacts with Judaism

Syr. 30: Syriac contacts with Coptic Christianity

Syr. 32: Anṭun of Tagrit

Syr. Fragment 88: Proba

Syr. Fragment (from Codex Curetonianus): Old Syriac Version

Diyarbakır, Chaldean Archbishopric ( olim )

22: Old Testament Exegesis | Michael Badoqa | Theodoros bar Koni

76: Sargis bar Waḥle

113: Ḥenanishoʿ I

Dublin, Chester Beatty

Arab. 4925: Grigorios Bar ʿEbroyo

Syr. 3: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 4: Monastery of Beth ʿAbe

Syr. 709: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Duke University, Special Collections Library

Syr. 1: Figure 31

Florence, Bibl. Medicea Laurenziana

Or. 58 [= 9a1]: Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Peshitta

Plut. I,40: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version | Polykarpos

Plut. I,56: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Rabbula Gospels | Figure 50 | Figure 54 | Figure 91 | Figure 71c

Groningen, Universiteitsbibliotheek

Add. 326: Israel of Alqosh

Jerusalem, Greek Orth. Patriarchate

General: Jerusalem

Jerusalem, Syr. Orth. Monastery of St. Mark

1*/42: Masora

14: Behnam Ḥadloyo

25: New Testament Bible manuscripts

37: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

199: Theodotos of Amid

London, British Library

Add. 7157 [= 8n1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 7163: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Add. 7183: Masora Monastery of Qarqaphto

Add. 12,135: Reshʿayna

Add. 12,138: Masora | Yawsep Huzaya | Figure 72

Add. 12,142: Mushe of Nisibis

Add. 12,144: Commentary of the monk Severos

Add. 12,150: Bostra | Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature | Colophons | Syriac contacts with Judaism | Paul Anton de Lagarde | Manuscripts | Martyrs and persecutions | Figure 67c

Add. 12,151: Loʿozar bar Sobtho

Add. 12,154: Yuḥanon of Litarba

Add. 12,155: Proba | Yuḥanon Barbur

Add. 12,156: Proclus of Constantinople

Add. 12,167: Aba

Add. 12,168: Old Testament Exegesis

Add. 12,172: Isḥaq of Amid

Add 12,174: Dayro d-Mor Behnam | Eliya (mid-6th cent.) | Shemʿon bar Ṣabbaʿe

Add. 12,178: Masora

Add. 12,181: Athanasios II of Balad

Add. 14,158: Manuscripts

Add. 14,425 [= 5b1]: Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Peshitta

Add. 14,430: Reshʿayna

Add. 14,448 [=7n1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,451: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Old Syriac Version

Add. 14,459: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,460: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,464: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,469: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,470 [= 6n1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,471: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Figure 29

Add. 14,472: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,473: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,474 [= 9x2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Add. 14,475 [= 6p3]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,476 [= 6p4]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,477 [= 7p1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,478 [= 6p2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,479 [= 6p5]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,480 [= 6p6]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,481 [= 7p2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 14,482: Masora

Add. 14,484: Shemʿun the Stylite

Add. 14,495: Pawlos of Tella

Add. 14,499: Pawlos of Tella

Add. 14,512 [= 5ph1]: Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Palimpsests | Figure 95

Add. 14,525: Mushe of Nisibis

Add. 14,528: Philoxenos of Mabbug

Add. 14,530: Daniel of Ṣalaḥ

Add. 14,534: Philoxenos of Mabbug

Add. 14,538: Benjamin of Edessa

Add. 14,544: Gregory of Nazianzus

Add. 14,557: Proclus of Constantinople

Add. 14,574: Palimpsests

Add. 14,582: Syriac contacts with Coptic Christianity

Add. 14,591: Qurillona

Add. 14,594: Nonos of Nisibis

408 Pawlos of Beth Ukome | Theodosius of Alexandria

Add. 14,609: Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature

Add. 14,614: Syriac sentences of Menander

Add. 14,620: Dawid bar Pawlos

Add. 14,622: Eliya (mid-6th cent.)

Add. 14,623: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Syriac contacts with Coptic Christianity | Palimpsests

Add. 14,635: Syriac contacts with Coptic Christianity

Add. 14,641: Julian Romance

Add. 14,645: Shemʿon bar Ṣabbaʿe

Add. 14,650: Legend of the Sleepers of Ephesus

Add. 14,658: Meliton the Philosopher | Syriac sentences of Menander | Theano

Add. 14,659: Giwargi, bp. of the Arab tribes

Add. 14,660: Athanasios I Gamolo | Proba

Add. 14,667: Masora

Add. 14,682: Loʿozar of Beth Qandasa

Add. 14,683: Loʿozar of Beth Qandasa

Add. 14,684: Masora

Add. 14,703: Poetry

Add 14,725: Athanasios II of Balad | Benjamin of Edessa

Add. 14,726: Aba | Anṭun of Tagrit

Add. 17,106: Polykarpos

Add. 17,120: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 17,121: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 17,122 [= 7p3]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 17,124: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Add. 17,126: Philoxenos of Mabbug

Add. 17,134: Scribes

Add. 17,148: Theodotus of Ancyra

Add. 17,162: Masora

Add. 17,182: Syriac contacts with Ethiopic Christianity

Add. 17,194: Aba

Add. 17,197: Benjamin of Edessa | Eliya (late 8th/early 9th cent.)

Add. 17,208: Anṭun of Tagrit

Add. 17,209: Gregory of Nazianzus

Add. 17,210: Palimpsests | Theophilos of Edessa

Add. 17,211: Palimpsests

Add. 17,213 [= 9k3]: Old Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 17,215: Proba Monastery of Qarqaphto

Add. 17,270: Abraham bar Dashandad

Add. 17,236: Figure 68

Add. 18,714: Ḥarqlean Version

Add. 18,812: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Add. 18,295: Loʿozar of Beth Qandasa

Add. 25,875: Syriac contacts with Judaism | Shemʿon Shanqlawi

Add. 25,876: Ishoʿyahb bar Malkon

Egerton 703: Scribes

Egerton 704: Monastery of St. Mark

Harley 5512: Mushe of Mardin

Or. 3336: Gabriel Qaṭraya

Or. 4402: Michael I Rabo

Or. 5021: Syriac contacts with Coptic Christianity

Or. 6714: Shubḥalmaran

Or. 8606: Melkite literature in Syriac

Rich. Add. 7192: Julian Romance

Sloane 3597: Scribes

Lund, Universitetsbiblioteket

58: Masora

Manchester, John Rylands Library

Crawford Syr. 2 [= 13n1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 10: Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 11: Clement of Rome and Pseudo-Clementine literature

Mardin, Chald. Bishopric ( olim )

General: Mardin

Mardin, Syr. Orth. Church of the Forty Martyrs

General: Mardin

36/2 [= 13n2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

275/8: Theodotos of Amid

Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana

B 20.2 inf.: New Testament Bible manuscripts

B 21 inf. [= 7a1]: Apocalypses | Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Antonio Maria Ceriani | Peshitta

C 313 inf.: Syriac contacts with Ethiopic Christianity | Andreas Masius

Mosul, Dominican Fathers

General: Figure 44

Munich, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek

Syr. 8: New Testament Bible manuscripts

New Haven, Yale University, Beinecke Library

Syr. 9: Figure 8

Syr. 10: Dayro d-Mor Barṣawmo

New York, Pierpont Morgan Library

236 [= 8n2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Oxford, Bodleian Library

Arab. e 163: Ishoʿ Bar ʿAli

Marsh 437: Scribes

Or. 361: Ḥarqlean Version

Poc. 10: Monastery of Qenneshre

Oxford, New College

333: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

334: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Pampakuda

General: Manuscripts

Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale

Arabe 6725: Shubḥalmaran

Syr. 6 [= 17a5]: Ibrāhīm al-Ḥāqilānī | Peshitta

Syr. 31: Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 51: Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 52: Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 53: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 57: Ḥarqlean Version

Syr. 64: Masora

Syr. 75: Pawlos of Tella

Syr. 202: Yuḥanon of Litarba

Syr. 240: Jibrāʾīl al-Ṣahyūnī

Syr. 244: Daniel of Mardin

Syr. 248: Ibrāhīm al-Ḥāqilānī

Syr. 249: Ibrāhīm al-Ḥāqilānī

Syr. 253: Ibrāhīm al-Ḥāqilānī

Syr. 271: Jibrāʾīl al-Ṣahyūnī

Syr. 296: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 332: Synodicon Orientale

Syr. 341 [= 8a1]: Art and architecture | Old Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 342 [= 9n4]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Syr. 346: Nicolaus of Damascus

Syr. 367 [= Siirt 29]: Denḥa

Syr. 370: Ishoʿyahb bar Malkon

Syr. 377: Eli of Qarṭmin

Syr. 378: Julian Romance

Syr. 429: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Piramadam

Syr. 25: Figure 119

Rome, Biblioteca Angelica

74: Polykarpos

Rome, Biblioteca Vaticana

Barberini Or. 2: Old Testament Bible manuscripts | Syriac contacts with Ethiopic Christianity

Barberini Or. 118: Masora

Museo Borgiano K. VI, 3: Synodicon Orientale

Museo Borgiano K. VI, 4: Synodicon Orientale

Borg. Arab. 250: Ishoʿ Bar ʿAli

Borg. Syr. 81: Synodicon Orientale

Borg. Syr. 82: Synodicon Orientale

Borg. Syr. 117: Masora

Borgia Syr. 169: Art and architecture

Borgia Syr. 39: Joseph-Marie Sauget

Borgia Syr. 60: Joseph-Marie Sauget

Vat. Arab. 157: Melitene

Vat. Lat. 6429: Cause of Causes

Vat. Syr. 12: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Vat. Syr. 19: Christian Palestinian Aramaic

Vat. Syr. 22: Thomas Christians

Vat. Syr. 96: Gregory of Nazianzus | Theodosios of Edessa

Vat. Syr. 103: Old Testament Exegesis | Commentary of the monk Severos

Vat. Syr. 105: Gregory of Nazianzus | Theodosios of Edessa

Vat. Syr. 110: Commentary of the monk Severos

Vat. Syr. 119: Ishoʿ bar Shushan Yuḥanon X

Vat. Syr. 140: Pawlos of Kallinikos

Vat. Syr. 145: Eliya (late 8th/early 9th cent.)

Vat. Syr. 147: Dayro d-Mor Barṣawmo

Vat. Syr. 150: Ḥenanishoʿ bar Seroshway

Vat. Syr. 152: Masora | Monastery of Qarqaphto

Vat. Syr. 154: Giwargis of Bʿeltan

Vat. Syr. 155: Eli of Qarṭmin

Vat. Syr. 158: Athanasios II of Balad

Vat. Syr. 160: Shemʿon bar Ṣabbaʿe | Shemʿun the Stylite

Vat. Syr. 161: Shemʿon bar Ṣabbaʿe

Vat. Syr. 162: Yeshuʿ the Stylite | Chronicle of Zuqnin

Vat. Syr. 163: Chronicle of Edessa

Vat. Syr. 180: Gabriel Qamṣa

Vat. Syr. 187: Shemʿon Shanqlawi

Vat. Syr. 266 [= 12n3]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Vat. Syr. 267: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Vat. Syr. 268: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Ḥarqlean Version

Vat. Syr. 271: Ḥarqlean Version

Vat. Syr. 389: Josephus Simonius Assemani

Vat. Syr. 461: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Vat. Syr. 475: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Vat. Syr. 486: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Vat. Syr. 504: Ḥenanishoʿ I

Vat. Syr. 555: Alexander Cycle

Vat. Syr. 623: Palimpsests

Sharfeh, Syr. Cath. Monastery

General: Isḥāq Armalah | Manuscripts | Sharfeh | Syriac Catholic Church

4/1: Yuḥanon of Mardin

Rahmani 80: Shemʿon d-Ṭaybutheh

Siirt, Chald. Bishopric ( olim )

General: Siirt

27: Aḥob Qaṭraya

29 [= Paris Syr. 367]: Denḥa

109: Shemʿon d-Ṭaybutheh

Sinai, St. Catherine’s Monastery

General: Monastery of St. Catherine

Arab. 154: Polykarpos

Arab. 514: Palimpsests

Arab. 516: Julian Romance

Georgian 81: Syriac contacts with Georgian Christianity

Georgian 93+92: Syriac contacts with Georgian Christianity

New Finds Georgian 19: Syriac contacts with Georgian Christianity

New Finds Georgian 20: Syriac contacts with Georgian Christianity

New Finds, Syr. M20N: Babai the Great | Shubḥalmaran

New Finds Syr. M53N: Hippolytus of Rome

New Finds Syr. Fragment 23: Hippolytus of Rome

Sin. Syr. 2: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 3: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 5 [= 6p7]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 14: Melkite literature in Syriac

Sin. Syr. 16: Aristides of Athens | Mary

Sin. Syr. 17 [= 9n2]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 24: Melkite literature in Syriac

Sin. Syr. 28 [= 7h10]: Old Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 30 [= 6p1]: New Testament Bible manuscripts | Monastery of St. Catherine | Syriac contacts with Georgian Christianity | Old Syriac Version | Palimpsests

Sin. Syr. 52: Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite | Sergios of Reshʿayna

Sin. Syr. 54 [= 9n6]: New Testament Bible manuscripts

Sin. Syr. 67: Aba

St. Petersburg, Public Library

3: New Testament Bible manuscripts

4: Legend of the Sleepers of Ephesus

Trivandrum, Malankara Catholic Archbishopric

General: Johannes P. M. van der Ploeg

Tübingen, Universitätsbibliothek

Or. Quart. 1050: Ishoʿyahb bar Malkon

Urmia ( olim )

180: Gannat Bussāme